Guillermo Estrella Toltino (July 24, 1890 – July 12, 1976) was a Filipino sculptor and professor of the University of the Philippines. He was designated as a National Artist of the Philippines for Sculpture in 1973, three years before his death.
Toltino was born on July 24, 1890, in Malolos, Bulacan. He was the fourth child in his family and had sev siblings. Before being interested in sculptures, he learned how to play the guitar, a skill which he inherited from his father. The young Toltino showed an early talt in sculpting, having be able to mold figures of horses and dogs out of clay.
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Toltino started studying in Malolos Intermediate School and continued his high school years in the same city. After studying in Malolos, Toltino wt to Manila and attded classes in the School of Fine Arts of the University of the Philippines.
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In 1911, Toltino made an illustration of promint Filipinos posing for a studio portrait. Among those included were national heroes, revolutionaries, and politicians.
The illustration was lithographed and published in a weekly magazine called Liwayway under the name Grupo de Filipinos Ilustres and became popular among homes in the 20th ctury. Toltino, a studt at the university wh he made the illustration, didn't earn any money from it but didn't seem to mind about it.
Toltino, upon returning from Europe in 1925, was appointed as a professor at the University of the Philippines' School of Fine Arts and oped his studio in Manila on January 24.
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Along with thirte artists, Toltino joined a contest in 1930 to design the Bonifacio Monumt. Instead of basing the statues on printed materials, he interviewed people who participated in the Philippine Revolution. Bonifacio's figure was based on the bone structure of Espiridiona Bonifacio, the Supremo's surviving sister.
Down to sev tries, the committee had its winners by July 29. Toltino's try won first place and was giv a cash prize of 3, 000 pesos.
In 1935, Rafael Palma, presidt of the University of the Philippines, commissioned Toltino to sculpt the Oblation, a statue based on the second stanza of Jose Rizal's Mi ultimo adios. Toltino used concrete to create the statue but it was painted to look like bronze.
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The University of the Philippines Alumni Association requested Toltino on October 25, 1935, to construct an arch commemorating the inauguration of the Commonwealth of the Philippines but it was never built, because of the war.
In the absce of Fernando Amorsolo, Toltino was appointed acting director of the School of Fine Arts and evtually became its director two years later, on August 4, 1953.
Besides monumts, Toltino made smaller sculptures, which are now located in the National Museum of Fine Arts and busts of heroes at the Malacañang Palace.
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In 1955, Toltino retired from service in the University of the Philippines and returned to private practice. He received various awards and distinctions in his later years,
Toltino died at 8:00 p.m. on July 12, 1976, at his house in Retiro Street, Quezon City, twelve days before his 86th birthday.
Guillermo Toltino's works and memorabilia are mainly housed in Gallery XII or Security Bank Hall of the National Museum of Fine Arts. This was possible with the collaboration of his family, Security Bank presidt Frederick Dy, Judy Araneta-Roxas, Ernesto and Araceli Salas, and Nestor Jordin.
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Works relating to Jose Rizal by Toltino and other Filipino artists of the 20th ctury are displayed at Gallery V of the museum.Ipinanganak si Tolentino noong Hulyo 24, 1890 sa Malolos, Bulakan kay Isidro Tolentino at Balbina Estrella. Siya ay mag-aaral ni Gng. H. A. Bordner na siyang unang nagturo sa kanya ng pagguguhit sa Paaralang Intermedyaryo ng Malolos. Nagtapos siya ng mataas na paaralan sa Mataas na Paaralan ng Maynila. Dahil sa kanyang sariling pagsisikap, nakapagtapos siya ng kurso ng pinong sining sa Pamantasan ng Pilipinas noong 1915. Lumakbay papuntang Mga Nagkakaisang Estado noong 1919 at pinagkalooban siya ng iskolarsyip ni Bernard Baruch, isang Amerikanong milyonaryo sa Paaralan ng Sining Beaux, Lungsod ng Bagong York at tinapos niya na may mga gawad noong 1921. Sa taong din iyon, lumakbay siya sa Europa, pumupunta sa mga tanyag na museo at galerya sa Londres at Paris. Noong 1922, siya ay pumasok sa Regge Istituto di Belle Arti, nakapagtapos ng pag-aaral nang bahagya sa pamamagitan ng lingap ng kolonyang Italyanong sa Maynila. Sa Roma, gumanap ang kanyang unang pang-isahang eksibisyon kung saan kabilang ang Saluto Romano (Saludong Romano). Sa paligsahang pang-iskultura na ginanap sa Lungsod ng Walang Hanggan, ang kanyang Apat na Mangangabayong Apokalipsis na napanalunan niya ng ikalawang gantimpala. Umuwi sa Pilipinas noong 1924 at nagsarili sa loob ng isang taon. Noong 1926, siya ay inatasan bilang guro sa Paaralan ng Pinong Sining ng Pamantasan ng Pilipinas at kinalaunang naging propesor, kalihim, at sa huli tagapamahala. Namuno siya ang Paaralan mula sa 1953 hanggang sa kanyang pagreretiro bilang Emeritong Propesor noong 1955. Noong 1932, siya'y lumagay sa tahimik kay Paz Raymundo at nagkaroon ng pitong anak.
Nakilala si Tolentino sa buong bansa nang dahil sa Monumento ni Bonifacio na may maraming pigurang kasinlaki ng tao na dinisenyo noong 1930 at inilantad noong 1933. Nakapaglikha din siya ng iba pang mga tanyag na bantayog tulad ng mga Oblasyon ng Pamantasan ng Pilipinas, ang bantayog ni Pangulong Ramon Magsaysay sa bulwagang pasukan ng GSIS, at ang Luwalhati ng Pamantasan ng Silangan.
Nakapaggawa rin siya ng mga maraming rebulto ni Lapulapu, Antonio Luna, Gregorio del Pilar, Jose Rizal, Manuel Quezon, Epifanio de los Santos, A.V.H Hartendorp, Fernando Amorsolo, Carlos P. Romulo, Jose Cojuangco, Manuel Roxas, Jaime at Sofia de Veyra.
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Kinumpleto niya ang ugnay-ugnay ng anim na pansilangang mananayaw, kabilang ang mananayaw na pambibliya na si Salome, Maria Clara, Persyana, Havanesa, at mga mananayaw Tsino. Nakagawa siya ng pigurang alegorika tulad ng mga Pilipina, tinatawag din Alipin, isang pigura ng babaeng hubad na nakagapos ng mga guyuran. Nakagawa rin siya ng mga imaheng panrelihiyon, tulad ng Imakuladang Konsepsyon at ang Madona at ang Bata. Dinisenyo niya ang Gawad Maria Clara para sa pelikula, at iba pang mga tropeo at medalya.
Mula Hulyo hanggang Oktubre 1948 sa Magasing Sunday Times at sumunod sa This Week, kinasundo niya si Victorio Edades sa isang pagtatalo sa pagsusulat sa klasikal at makabagong aestetika, tumutuligsa sa 'pagpalipit' at muling pagsasandata ng halaga ng sining na naayon sa nakapamihasnan. Bagama't ang pagsasanay ni Tolentino ay klasikal, ang kanyang mga likha ay lumalagos ng palaibig na kakayahang makadama na namamayani ang Kanluraning daigdig mula sa unang ika-19 na siglo hanggang sa dekadang 20. Kaya, ang kanyang mga likha ay nakatuon na may damdamin, lalung-lalo na may pagkamakabansa mula't sapul na siya'y marubdob na Rizalista.
Isa rin siyang gitarista, espiritista, at tagapagsaling-wika. Nakapagsulat siya ng lumang baybaying Tagalog at gumagawa ng libreto para sa opera ng Noli Me Tangere ni Felipe Padilla de Leon.
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